Background: Tajikistan 
                   
                   
                  Independence: September 9, 1991 (from Soviet Union); 
                   
                  
Adjacent Countries: Afghanistan (south), China (east), Kyrgyzstan (north), Uzbekistan (west); 
                  
Click Here for a map 
                   
                  Government: Republic; 
Capital: Dushanbe 
                  
Chief of State: President Emomali RAHMONOV (since 6 November 1994) 
                  
Head of Gov't: Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999) 
                   
                  
Population (July 2001 est.):
 
                  6,578,681 
                   
                  
Infant mortality rate (2001 est.):
 
                  116.09 deaths/1,000 live births 
                   
                  
Life expectancy at birth (2001 est.): 
                  
Total Population: 64.18 years 
                  
Male: 61.09 years 
                  
Female: 67.42 years 
                   
                  
Ethnic groups: 
                  
Tajik - 64.9% 
                  
Uzbek - 25% 
                  
Russian - 3.5% (declining because of emigration) 
                  
other - 6.6%  
                   
                  
Religions: 
                  
Sunni Muslim - 80% 
                  
Shi'a Muslim - 5% 
                   
                  
Languages:
 
                  Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business  
                   
                  
Literacy: (definition: age 15 and over can read and write)(1989 est.) 
                  
Total Population: 98% 
                  
Male: 99% 
                  
Female: 97%