Background: Algeria 
                   
                   
                  Independence: July 5, 1962 (from France); 
                   
                  
Adjacent Countries: Libya (east), Mali (southwest), Mauritania (southwest), Morocco (west), Niger (southeast), Tunisia (northeast); 
                  
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                  Government: Republic; 
Capital: Algiers 
                  
Chief of State: President Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA (since 28 April 1999) 
                  
Head of Gov't: Prime Minister Ali BENFLIS (since 26 August 2000) 
                   
                  
Population (July 2001 est.):
 
                  31,736,053 
                   
                  
Infant mortality rate (2001 est.):
 
                  40.56 deaths/1,000 live births 
                   
                  
Life expectancy at birth (2001 est.): 
                  
Total Population: 69.95 years 
                  
Male: 68.6 years 
                  
Female: 71.34 years 
                   
                  
Ethnic groups: 
                  
Arab-Berber - 99% 
                  
European - less than 1% 
                   
                  
Religions: 
                  
Sunni Muslim (state religion) - 99% 
                  
Christian and Jewish - 1% 
                   
                  
Languages: 
                  
Arabic (official) 
                  
French 
                  Berber dialects 
                   
                  Literacy: (definition: age 15 and over can read and write)(1995 est.) 
                  
Total Population: 61.6% 
                  
Male: 73.9% 
                  
Female: 49%